2015
EMSS 2015 Proceeding
Ambulance location using linear programming: the case of the national autonomous university of mexico (UNAM)
Authors: Esther Segura Pérez, Idalia Flores, Alexander Vindel
Abstract
Every year the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM) holds four entry exams for higher education and high school, for which the candidates do a written exam in any one of 25 schools in the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico (ZMVM) that the UNAM uses to hold its entry exams. A medical services module manned by a doctor and nurse with an equipped first-aid kit is installed in each school. Moreover, five properly equipped ambulances are available and distributed around the Metropolitan Area to reinforce this medical attention as regards the treatment and transfer of patients. At the present time the five ambulances are located empirically based on the experience of the Emergency Medical Technicians (TUMs) so that the distance between the current location of the ambulance and the modules or schools is what they believe to be the shortest. This study proposes a three-step methodology for optimizing the location of five ambulances based on the Location Set Covering Problem (LSCP) model and the p-median model. The solution compares these two models, allowing us to shorten the response time of the Pre-Hospital Care (PHC) service by locating the five ambulances better, considering a variety of speeds and coverage times. This enables us to lower the rate of patient mortality and morbidity.
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